Alembic Instruments Inc. is proud to present the VE-2, the world's fastest whole-cell voltage clamp amplifier
Whole-cell Patch Clamp Amplifier ...
... eliminates series resistance errors !
For the fastest, largest ionic currents,
you need the VE-2
The only amplifier that fully compensates for series resistance and eliminates series resistance errors.
Voltage Clamp the largest, fastest whole-cell currents under physiologic conditions.
Super stability gives super ease-of-use.
Just 2 controls quickly and easily sets compensation.
Familiar IV converter architecture has all the features you expect.
100% Rs Compensation IS possible !
The series resistance challenge
Other amplifiers can only compensate
~ 90 % of series resistance (Rs).
In demanding applications, Rs voltage errors of only a few millivolts cause uncontrolled current activation and loss of the voltage clamp.
(Eg. Ina in neurons or cardiac myocytes)
Other amplifiers can partially compensate for Rs (A), but become unstable when pushed too far (B).
With other amplifiers, even 95 % Rs compensation is insufficient to voltage clamp and measure large ionic currents.
Cell voltage during a membrane ionic current pulse using 90 % (A) and 97 % (B) Rs compensation found on other amplifiers. The voltage error is reduced to 5mV (B) but undampened oscillations indicate instability.
Rs=10 MOhm, Cm=50pF, Ipulse=20nA, Bandwidth=50kHz.
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The only amplifier that fully compensates for series resistance and eliminates series resistance errors.
